The ocean covers 71% of the planet and holds nearly 97% of the Earth’s water, and about 40% of the world’s population lives within 100 kilometers of the coastline. As reported in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, “[t]he ocean is essential for all aspects of human well-being and livelihood” and ocean warming,… More